Employing professional eavesdropping equipment, Pat gathers a dossier on Mary's life and future plans, information that forms the basis for more lies when Pat begins dating her. Sure enough, Mary falls for Pat, although her friend Tucker (Lee Evans) is very suspicious of Pat's claim to be a Harvard-educated architect. Meanwhile, Ted learns the truth but continues to encounter offbeat obstacles as he accelerates to Miami in hopes of finding happiness with his true love. Former Modern Lovers singer Jonathan Richman vocalizes a narrative ballad of onscreen commentary in the Cat Ballou (1965) tradition. Most of the cast sings and frolics to Build Me Up, Buttercup by The Foundations during the closing credits. CREDITS: TM & © Fox (1998) Courtesy of Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation Cast: Ben Stiller, Cameron Diaz, Lin Shaye Directors: Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly Producers: Frank Beddor, Mark Charpentier, Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly, Marc S.
Fischer, Patrick Healy, J.B. Rogers, Michael Steinberg, Bradley Thomas, Charles B.
Wessler Screenwriters: Ed Decter, John J. Strauss, Peter Farrelly, Bobby Farrelly WHO ARE WE? The MOVIECLIPS channel is the largest collection of licensed movie clips on the web. Here you will find unforgettable moments, scenes and lines from all your favorite films.
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'Jimmy Kimmel Live' is well known for its huge viral video successes with 1.5 billion views on YouTube alone. Some of Kimmel's most popular comedy bits include - Mean Tweets, Lie Witness News, Jimmy's Twerk Fail Prank, Unnecessary Censorship, YouTube Challenge, The Baby Bachelor, Movie: The Movie, Handsome Men's Club, Jimmy Kimmel Lie Detective and music videos like 'I (Wanna) Channing All Over Your Tatum' and a Blurred Lines parody with Robin Thicke, Pharrell, Jimmy and his security guard Guillermo. Now in its eleventh season, Kimmel's guests have included: Johnny Depp, Meryl Streep, Tom Cruise, Halle Berry, Harrison Ford, Jennifer Aniston, Will Ferrell, Katy Perry, Tom Hanks, Scarlett Johansson, Channing Tatum, George Clooney, Larry David, Charlize Theron, Mark Wahlberg, Kobe Bryant, Steve Carell, Hugh Jackman, Kristen Wiig, Jeff Bridges, Jennifer Garner, Ryan Gosling, Bryan Cranston, Jamie Foxx, Amy Poehler, Ben Affleck, Robert Downey Jr., Jake Gyllenhaal, Oprah, and unfortunately Matt Damon. Celebrities Read Mean Tweets #5 http://www.youtube.com/user/JimmyKimmelLive. We all struggle with self-criticism - manifesting in nervousness, panic, and dread. Jane gives us simple tools to disempower our inner critic and empower an inner coach.
Her 3 step process allows us to manage fear so that fear doesn’t manage us. Jane Shure, is cofounder of The Resilience Group, promoting growth and change in individuals, groups and organizations. She is a leadership consultant, psychotherapist, and national expert on bolstering resilience and self-confidence.
Jane leads workshops to strengthen the voice of an Inner Coach to be more powerful than your Inner Critic and is on faculty at the Athena Leadership Lab at Barnard College, the Close School of Entrepreneurship at Drexel University, and the Kripalu Center for Yoga & Health. Named a “Top Doc for Women” by Philadelphia Magazine, Jane writes for the Huffington Post, and is known as an innovator and expert in the importance of self-awareness as a vehicle for change in the workplace and in personal life. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx.
For Jimmy's birthday, we got a bunch of famous people to read Mean Tweets about him. One of the celebrities was Larry David, who really had fun with it. In fact, he liked reading them so much, Jimmy decided to share all of Larry's outtakes where he is unable to curb his enthusiasm about a lack of enthusiasm for Jimmy. WORLD PREMIERE TRAILER – Jimmy Kimmel’s The Terrific Ten SUBSCRIBE to get the latest #KIMMEL: Watch Mean Tweets: Connect with Jimmy Kimmel Live Online: Visit the Jimmy Kimmel Live WEBSITE: Like Jimmy Kimmel on FACEBOOK: Like Jimmy Kimmel Live on FACEBOOK: Follow @JimmyKimmel on TWITTER: Follow Jimmy Kimmel Live on TWITTER: Follow Jimmy Kimmel Live on INSTAGRAM: About Jimmy Kimmel Live: Jimmy Kimmel serves as host and executive producer of Emmy-winning 'Jimmy Kimmel Live,' ABC's late-night talk show.
'Jimmy Kimmel Live' is well known for its huge viral video successes with 5.6 billion views on YouTube alone. Some of Kimmel's most popular comedy bits include - Mean Tweets, Lie Witness News, Jimmy's Twerk Fail Prank, Unnecessary Censorship, YouTube Challenge, The Baby Bachelor, Movie: The Movie, Handsome Men's Club, Jimmy Kimmel Lie Detective and music videos like 'I (Wanna) Channing All Over Your Tatum' and a Blurred Lines parody with Robin Thicke, Pharrell, Jimmy and his security guard Guillermo. Now in its fifteenth season, Kimmel's guests have included: Johnny Depp, Meryl Streep, Tom Cruise, Halle Berry, Harrison Ford, Jennifer Aniston, Will Ferrell, Katy Perry, Tom Hanks, Scarlett Johansson, Channing Tatum, George Clooney, Larry David, Charlize Theron, Mark Wahlberg, Kobe Bryant, Steve Carell, Hugh Jackman, Kristen Wiig, Jeff Bridges, Jennifer Garner, Ryan Gosling, Bryan Cranston, Jamie Foxx, Amy Poehler, Ben Affleck, Robert Downey Jr., Jake Gyllenhaal, Oprah, and unfortunately Matt Damon. Larry David Outtakes – Mean Tweets About Jimmy Kimmel https://youtu.be/RTaDvKMtUeA. Join the movement. Be a Maverick ► I’m the new Santa Claus.
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See more 2005 Oscar highlights: Become an Oscar Insider: Check out our Academy Originals: ABOUT THE ACADEMY The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is the world's preeminent movie-related organization, with a membership of more than 6,000 of the most accomplished men and women working in cinema. In addition to the annual Academy Awards—in which the members vote to select the nominees and winners—the Academy presents a diverse year-round slate of public programs, exhibitions and events; provides financial support to a wide range of other movie-related organizations and endeavors; acts as a neutral advocate in the advancement of motion picture technology; and, through its Margaret Herrick Library and Academy Film Archive, collects, preserves, restores and provides access to movies and items related to their history. Through these and other activities the Academy serves students, historians, the entertainment industry and people everywhere who love movies. Walt Disney Records: The Legacy Collection – Mary Poppins is available now! Get it here: “A Spoonful of Sugar” Sheet Music: “Chim Chim Cher-ee” Sheet Music: “Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious” Sheet Music: Connect with Disney Music Emporium!
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The rapper and music mogul discusses therapy, marriage and politics with The New York Times's executive editor. Jay-Z Discusses Rap, Marriage and Being a Black Man in Trump’s America More from The New York Times Video: Subscribe: Watch all of our videos here: Facebook: Twitter: ---------- Whether it's reporting on conflicts abroad and political divisions at home, or covering the latest style trends and scientific developments, New York Times video journalists provide a revealing and unforgettable view of the world. It's all the news that's fit to watch.
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Nigerian Afrobeats artiste Runtown presents the official music video of the hit single 'Mad Over You.' Available on iTunes: Subscribe for more videos from Runtown: Click here to see the official playlist of Runtown's smash hit Bend Down Pause ft Wizkid: Click here to see more official music videos from Runtown: Click here to see the official Runtown audio playlist: twitter: instagram: Runtown (born Douglas Jack Agu) is a Nigerian singer/songwriter/producer with a diverse music style mixing Hip-Hop, RnB, Reggae and Rap. Runtown signed to Eric Many Entertainment in 2014 after successful singles and collaborations with Laza Morgan (High On You), Phyno (Anam-Achi Vers-Achi) and Davido (Gallardo). He acquires his musical inspiration from artistes like Sean Kingston, Bob Marley, Kanye West, to name a few. Seth takes a closer look at President Trump going all in on backing the accused sexual predator running for Senate in Alabama.
» Subscribe to Late Night: » Get more Late Night with Seth Meyers: » Watch Late Night with Seth Meyers Weeknights 12:35/11:35c on NBC. LATE NIGHT ON SOCIAL Follow Late Night on Twitter: Like Late Night on Facebook: Find Late Night on Tumblr: Connect with Late Night on Google+: Late Night with Seth Meyers on YouTube features A-list celebrity guests, memorable comedy, and topical monologue jokes. NBC ON SOCIAL Like NBC: Follow NBC: NBC Tumblr: NBC Pinterest: NBC Google+: YouTube: NBC Instagram: Trump Stands by Roy Moore, Pushes GOP Tax Plan: A Closer Look- Late Night with Seth Meyers Late Night with Seth Meyers http://www.youtube.com/user/latenightseth. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • The name Oklahoma comes from the phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs.
Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe the Native American race as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers. The cover much of.
Oklahoma has four primary mountain ranges: the, the, the, and the. Contained within the region, the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains mark the only major mountainous region between the and the. A portion of the stretches into north-central Oklahoma, and in the state's southeastern corner, is regarded by the Oklahoma Tourism & Recreation Department as the world's tallest hill; at 1,999 feet (609 m), it fails their definition of a mountain by one foot.
The in the state’s harbor few natural forests. Oklahoma has a rolling to flat landscape with intermittent and ranges like the. Partial plains interrupted by small mountain ranges like the and the dot, and transitional prairie and woodlands cover the of the state. The Ozark and Ouachita Mountains rise from west to east over the state's eastern third, gradually increasing in elevation in an eastward direction.
More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma's waterways, and with 200 lakes created by dams, it holds the highest number of artificial reservoirs in the nation. Most of the state lies in two primary belonging to the and rivers, though the Lee and Little rivers also contain significant drainage basins. Populations of inhabit the state's prairie ecosystems. Forests cover 24 percent of Oklahoma and composed of shortgrass, mixed-grass, and, harbor expansive ecosystems in the state's central and western portions, although has largely replaced native grasses. Where rainfall is sparse in the western regions of the state, shortgrass prairie and are the most prominent ecosystems, though, red cedar (), and grow near rivers and creek beds in the far western reaches of the panhandle., forests and mixtures of, and deciduous forests dominate the state's, while mixtures of largely,, red cedar ( ) and forests cover. The state holds populations of,,,, and birds such as,,,,, and. In prairie ecosystems,,,, and are common, and some of the nation's largest towns inhabit shortgrass prairie in the state's panhandle.
The, a region transitioning from prairie to woodlands in Central Oklahoma, harbors 351. The Ouachita Mountains are home to,,, and populations, which coexist with a total of 328 vertebrate species in southeastern Oklahoma. Also, in southeastern Oklahoma lives the. Rise above one of Oklahoma's state parks. Oklahoma has 50, six or protected regions, two or, and a network of wildlife preserves and conservation areas. Six percent of the state's 10 million acres (40,000 km 2) of forest is public land, including the western portions of the, the largest and oldest national forest in the. With 39,000 acres (158 km 2), the in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of in the world and is part of an that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states.
In addition, the covers 31,300 acres (127 km 2) of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma. The is the oldest and largest of nine in the state and was founded in 1901, encompassing 59,020 acres (238.8 km 2). Of Oklahoma's federally protected park or recreational sites; the is the largest, with 9,898.63 acres (18 km 2). Other sites include the and national historic trails, the and national historic sites, and the. Oklahoma is located in a region and experiences occasional extremes of temperature and precipitation typical in a. Most of the state lies in an area known as characterized by frequent interaction between cold and warm air masses producing. An average 54 strike the state per year—one of the highest rates in the world.
Because of its position between zones of differing prevailing temperature and winds, weather patterns within the state can vary widely between relatively short distances and can change drastically in a short time. As an example, on November 11, 1911, the temperature at Oklahoma City reached 83 °F (28 °C) in the afternoon (the record high for that date), then an incoming squall line resulted in a drop to 17 °F (−8 °C) at midnight (the record low for that date); thus, both the record high and record low for November 11 were set on the same day. Oklahoma's climate is prime for development.
The (Koppen Cfa) of the eastern part of Oklahoma influenced heavily by southerly winds bringing moisture from the, but transitions progressively to a zone (Koppen BSk) in the high plains of the Panhandle and other western areas from about westward less frequently touched by southern moisture. Precipitation and temperatures fall from east to west accordingly, with areas in the southeast averaging an annual temperature of 62 °F (17 °C) and an annual rainfall of 56 inches (1,420 mm), while areas of the panhandle average 58 °F (14 °C), with an annual rainfall under 17 inches (430 mm). All of the state frequently experiences temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) or below 0 °F (−18 °C), and snowfall ranges from an average of less than 4 inches (10 cm) in the south to just over 20 inches (51 cm) on the border of in the panhandle. The state is home to the, the, and the, all part of the and located in. Oklahoma's highest recorded temperature of 120 °F (49 °C) was recorded at on June 27, 1994 and the lowest recorded temperature of −31 °F (−35 °C) was recorded at on February 10, 2011. Monthly temperatures for Oklahoma's largest cities City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Oklahoma City 47/26 54/31 62/39 71/48 79/58 87/66 93/71 92/70 84/62 73/51 60/38 50/29 Tulsa 46/26 53/31 62/40 72/50 80/59 88/68 94/73 93/71 84/63 74/51 60/39 50/30 Lawton 50/26 56/31 65/40 73/49 82/59 90/68 96/73 95/71 86/63 76/51 62/39 52/30 Average high/low temperatures in °F.
Main article: Evidence exists that native peoples traveled through Oklahoma as early as the last, but the state's first permanent inhabitants settled in communities accentuated with near the Arkansas border between 850 and 1450 AD. Spaniard traveled through the state in 1541, but French explorers claimed the area in the 1700s and it remained under French rule until 1803, when all the French territory west of the Mississippi River was purchased by the United States in the. During the 19th century, thousands of Native Americans were expelled from their ancestral homelands from across North America and transported to the area including and surrounding present-day Oklahoma. The Choctaw was the first of the ' to be removed from the southeastern United States. The phrase 'Trail of Tears' originated from a description of the removal of the Nation in 1831, although the term is usually used for the removal. About 17,000 Cherokees – along with approximately 2,000 black slaves owned by Cherokees – were removed from their homes.
The area, already occupied by and tribes, was called for the until revised Native American and then later American policy redefined the boundaries to include other Native Americans. By 1890, more than 30 Native American nations and tribes had been concentrated on land within or 'Indian Country.' Many Native Americans served in the and military during the.
The had an internal civil war. Slavery in Oklahoma was not abolished until 1866. In the period between 1866 and 1899, cattle ranches in Texas strove to meet the demands for food in eastern cities and railroads in Kansas promised to deliver in a timely manner.
And cattle ranches developed as either drove their product north or settled illegally in Indian Territory. In 1881, four of five major cattle trails on the western frontier traveled through Indian Territory. Increased presence of white settlers in Indian Territory prompted the United States Government to establish the in 1887, which divided the lands of individual tribes into allotments for individual families, encouraging farming and private land ownership among native Americans but expropriating land to the federal government. In the process, railroad companies took nearly half of Indian-held land within the territory for outside settlers and for purchase.
The sent thousands of farmers into poverty during the 1930s. Major, including the, were held for settlers where certain territories were opened to settlement starting at a precise time. Usually land was open to settlers on a first come first served basis. Those who broke the rules by crossing the border into the territory before the official opening time were said to have been crossing the border sooner, leading to the term, which eventually became the state's official nickname. Deliberations to make the territory into a state began near the end of the 19th century, when the continued the allotment of Indian tribal land. Attempts to create an all-Indian state named Oklahoma and a later attempt to create an all-Indian state named failed but the Sequoyah Statehood Convention of 1905 eventually laid the groundwork for the Oklahoma Statehood Convention, which took place two years later.
On November 16, 1907, Oklahoma was established as the 46th state in the Union. The bombing of the in Oklahoma City was one of the deadliest acts of terrorism in American history.
The new state became a focal point for the emerging, as discoveries of oil pools prompted towns to grow rapidly in population and wealth. Tulsa eventually became known as the ' for most of the 20th century and oil investments fueled much of the state's early economy. In 1927, an Oklahoman businessman, known as the 'Father of Route 66', began the campaign to create. Using a stretch of highway from to Tulsa, Oklahoma to form the original portion of Highway 66, Avery spearheaded the creation of the to oversee the planning of Route 66, based in his hometown of Tulsa.
Oklahoma also has a rich African American history. There were many black towns that thrived in the early 20th century because of black settlers moving from neighboring states, especially Kansas. The politician Edward P. McCabe encouraged black settlers to come to what was then Indian Territory.
He discussed with President Theodore Roosevelt the possibility of making Oklahoma a majority-black state. By the early 20th century, the neighborhood of Tulsa was one of the most prosperous African-American communities in the United States. Had established since before the turn of the century, but the blacks had created a thriving area. Social tensions were exacerbated by the revival of the after 1915. The broke out in 1921, with whites attacking blacks.
In one of the costliest episodes of racial violence in American history, sixteen hours of rioting resulted in 35 city blocks destroyed, $1.8 million in property damage, and a death toll estimated to be as high as 300 people. By the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan had declined to negligible influence within the state. During the 1930s, parts of the state began suffering the consequences of poor farming practices, extended drought and high winds.
Known as the, areas of Kansas, Texas, New Mexico and were hampered by long periods of little rainfall and abnormally high temperatures, sending thousands of farmers into poverty and forcing them to relocate to more fertile areas of the western United States. Over a twenty-year period ending in 1950, the state saw its only historical decline in population, dropping 6.9 percent as impoverished families migrated out of the state after the Dust Bowl. And projects markedly changed practices in the state and led to the construction of massive flood control systems and dams; they built hundreds of reservoirs and man-made lakes to supply water for domestic needs and agricultural irrigation. By the 1960s, Oklahoma had created more than 200 lakes, the most in the nation. In 1995, Oklahoma City was the site of the worst act of domestic terrorism in American history.
The of April 19, 1995, in which and detonated an explosive outside of the, killed 168 people, including 19 children. The two men were convicted of the bombing: McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed by the federal government on June 11, 2001; his partner Nichols is serving a sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole. McVeigh's army buddy, Michael Fortier, got 12 years in prison and, ultimately, a $75,000 fine for helping sell guns (to raise funds for the bombing) and for helping to examine the Murrah Federal building prior to the terrorist attack. Wife, Lori Fortier (now dead), was granted immunity for testifying. The of Tulsa, Oklahoma's second tallest building, serves as the world headquarters for.
Based in the sectors of, energy, transportation equipment,,, and telecommunications, Oklahoma is an important producer of natural gas, aircraft, and. The state ranks second in the nation for production of natural gas, and is the 27th-most agriculturally productive state, ranking 5th in production of wheat.
Four companies and six companies are headquartered in Oklahoma, and it has been rated one of the most business-friendly states in the nation, with the 7th-lowest tax burden in 2007. In 2010, Oklahoma City-based ranked 18th on the Forbe's list of largest private companies, Tulsa-based ranked 37th, and Oklahoma City-based ranked 198th in 2010 report.
From 2006 to 2010, Oklahoma's gross domestic product grew from $131.9 billion to $147.5 billion, a jump of 10.6 percent. Oklahoma's gross domestic product per capita was $35,480 in 2010, which was ranked 40th among the states. Though oil has historically dominated the state's economy, a during the 1980s led to the loss of nearly 90,000 energy-related jobs between 1980 and 2000, severely damaging the local economy.
Oil accounted for 35 billion dollars in Oklahoma's economy in 2007, and employment in the state's oil industry was outpaced by five other industries in 2007. As of August 2011, the state's unemployment rate is 5.6%. In mid 2011, Oklahoma had a civilian labor force of 1.7 million and total non-farm employment fluctuated around 1.5 million. The government sector provides the most jobs, with 339,300 in 2011, followed by the transportation and utilities sector, providing 279,500 jobs, and the sectors of education, business, and, providing 207,800, 177,400, and 132,700 jobs, respectively. Among the state's largest industries, the aerospace sector generates $11 billion annually. Tulsa is home to the largest airline maintenance base in the world, which serves as the global maintenance and engineering headquarters for. In total, aerospace accounts for more than 10 percent of Oklahoma's industrial output, and it is one of the top 10 states in aerospace engine manufacturing.
Because of its position in the center of the United States, Oklahoma is also among the top states for logistic centers, and a major contributor to weather-related research. The state is the top manufacturer of tires in North America and contains one of the fastest-growing industries in the nation. In 2005, international exports from Oklahoma's manufacturing industry totaled $4.3 billion, accounting for 3.6 percent of its economic impact. Tire manufacturing, meat processing, oil and gas equipment manufacturing, and air conditioner manufacturing are the state's largest manufacturing industries. A major oil producing state, Oklahoma is the fifth-largest producer of crude oil in the United States. Oklahoma is the nation's third-largest producer of natural gas, fifth-largest producer of crude oil, and has the second-greatest number of active, and ranks fifth in crude oil reserves. While the state ranked eighth for installed capacity in 2011, it is at the bottom of states in usage of, with 94 percent of its electricity being generated by sources in 2009, including 25 percent from coal and 46 percent from natural gas.
Ranking 13th for total energy consumption per capita in 2009, Oklahoma's energy costs were 8th lowest in the nation. As a whole, the oil energy industry contributes $35 billion to Oklahoma's gross domestic product, and employees of Oklahoma oil-related companies earn an average of twice the state's typical yearly income. In 2009, the state had 83,700 commercial oil wells churning 65.374 million barrels (10,393,600 m 3) of crude oil.
Eight and a half percent of the nation's natural gas supply is held in Oklahoma, with 1.673 trillion cubic feet (47.4 km 3) being produced in 2009. According to, Oklahoma City-based,, and are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related.
Tulsa's and are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company. The 27th-most agriculturally productive state, Oklahoma is fifth in cattle production and fifth in production of wheat. Approximately 5.5 percent of American beef comes from Oklahoma, while the state produces 6.1 percent of American wheat, 4.2 percent of American pig products, and 2.2 percent of dairy products. The state had 83,500 farms in 2005, collectively producing $4.3 billion in animal products and fewer than one billion dollars in crop output with more than $6.1 billion added to the state's gross domestic product. Poultry and swine are its second and third-largest agricultural industries. Oklahoma's heritage as a pioneer state is depicted with the Pioneer Woman statue in.
Oklahoma is placed in the by the, but lies fully or partially in the, and southern by varying definitions, and partially in the and by definitions of abstract geographical-cultural regions. Oklahomans have a high rate of,,, and Native American ancestry, with 25 different native languages spoken. Because many Native Americans were forced to move to Oklahoma when White settlement in North America increased, Oklahoma has a lot of linguistic diversity. Mary Linn, an associate professor of anthropology at the and the associate curator of Native American languages at the, said that Oklahoma also has high levels of language endangerment. Six governments have claimed the area now known as Oklahoma at different times, and 67 Native American tribes are represented in Oklahoma, including the greatest number of tribal headquarters and 39 federally recognized nations. Western ranchers, Native American tribes, southern settlers, and eastern oil barons have shaped the state's cultural predisposition, and its largest cities have been named among the most underrated cultural destinations in the United States. While residents of Oklahoma are associated with stereotypical traits of – the Catalogue for Philanthropy ranks Oklahomans 4th in the nation for overall generosity – the state has also been associated with a negative cultural first popularized by 's novel ', which described the plight of uneducated, poverty-stricken -era farmers deemed '.
However, the term is often used in a positive manner by Oklahomans. Further information: In the state's largest urban areas, pockets of culture flourish, and Native American,, and Asian American communities produce music and art of their respective cultures. The Oklahoma Mozart Festival in is one of the largest classical music festivals in the southern United States, and Oklahoma City's Festival of the Arts has been named one of the top fine arts festivals in the nation. The state has a rich history in ballet with five Native American ballerinas attaining worldwide fame. These were, sisters and, and, known collectively as the. The rates the as one of the top ballet companies in the United States.
The Oklahoma City Ballet and University of Oklahoma's dance program were formed by ballerina and husband. The University program was founded in 1962 and was the first fully accredited program of its kind in the United States.
In, an outdoor amphitheater called 'Discoveryland!' Is the official performance headquarters for the musical Historically, the state has produced musical styles such as and, which was popularized at in Tulsa. The building, known as the 'Carnegie Hall of Western Swing', served as the performance headquarters of and the during the 1930s.
Stillwater is known as the epicenter of music, the best-known proponent of which is the late. Prominent theatre companies in Oklahoma include, in the capital city, Oklahoma City Theatre Company, Carpenter Square Theatre,, and CityRep. CityRep is a professional company affording equity points to those performers and technical theatre professionals.
In Tulsa, Oklahoma's oldest resident professional company is American Theatre Company, and is the oldest company west of the Mississippi. Other companies in Tulsa include and Tulsa Spotlight Theater. The cities of Norman, Lawton, and Stillwater, among others, also host well-reviewed community theatre companies.
Oklahoma is in the nation's middle percentile in per capita spending on the arts, ranking 17th, and contains more than 300 museums. The of Tulsa is considered one of the top 50 museums in the United States, and the in Norman, one of the largest university-based art and history museums in the country, documents the natural history of the region. The collections of are housed in the of Tulsa, which also holds the world's largest, most comprehensive collection of art and artifacts of the American West. The Egyptian art collection at the in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago, IL and Los Angeles, CA. The contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist in the world, and Oklahoma City's documents the heritage of the American Western frontier. With remnants of the and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States.
Native American cultural events like are common in Oklahoma. Oklahoma's centennial celebration was named the top event in the United States for 2007 by the American Bus Association, and consisted of multiple celebrations saving with the 100th anniversary of on November 16, 2007. Annual ethnic festivals and events take place throughout the state such as Native American powwows and ceremonial events, and include festivals (as examples) in,,,,,,,,, and African-American communities depicting cultural heritage or traditions. During a 10-day run in Oklahoma City, the attracts close to one million people, and large, festivals, and celebrations are held in the city each year.
The attracts over one million people during its 10-day run, and the city's Mayfest festival entertained more than 375,000 people in four days during 2007. In 2006, Tulsa's was named one of the top 10 in the world by and one of the top German food festivals in the nation by magazine.
Tulsa also hosts the annual music festival, a festival that highlights native Oklahoma bands and musicians. Norman plays host to the. Norman is also host to the Medieval Fair of Norman, which has been held annually since 1976 and was Oklahoma’s first medieval fair. The Fair was held first on the south oval of the University of Oklahoma campus and in the third year moved to the Duck Pond in Norman until the Fair became too big and moved to Reaves Park in 2003. The Medieval Fair of Norman is Oklahoma’s 'largest weekend event and the third largest event in Oklahoma, and was selected by Events Media Network as one of the top 100 events in the nation.' Oklahoma's system of public regional universities includes in.
With an educational system made up of districts and independent, Oklahoma had 638,817 students enrolled in 1,845 public primary, secondary, and schools in 533 as of 2008. Oklahoma has the highest enrollment of Native American students in the nation with 126,078 students in the 2009-10 school year.
Ranked near the bottom of states in expenditures per student, Oklahoma spent $7,755 for each student in 2008, 47th in the nation, though its growth of total education expenditures between 1992 and 2002 ranked 22nd. The state is among the best in education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for. High school dropout rate decreased from 3.1 to 2.5 percent between 2007 and 2008 with Oklahoma ranked among 18 other states with 3 percent or less dropout rate. In 2004, the state ranked 36th in the nation for the relative number of adults with, though at 85.2 percent, it had the highest rate among southern states., The, and The are the largest public institutions of higher education in Oklahoma, operating through one primary campus and satellite campuses throughout the state. The two state universities, along with and the, rank among the country's best in undergraduate business programs, The University of Tulsa College of Law, Oklahoma City University's School of Law, and the University of Oklahoma College of Law are the state's only ABA accredited institutions. The University of Oklahoma and University of Tulsa are in the top percentage of universities nationally for academic ratings, with the University of Tulsa the only university ranked in the top 100.
Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities, including, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the, also containing the only College of in Oklahoma and the largest enrollment of students in the nation by percentage and amount. Is Oklahoma's only historically black college. Six of the state's universities were placed in the 's list of best 122 regional colleges in 2007, and three made the list of top colleges for best value. The state has 55 post-secondary technical institutions operated by for training in specific fields of industry or trade. In the 2007–2008 school year, there were 181,973 undergraduate students, 20,014 graduate students, and 4,395 first-professional degree students enrolled in Oklahoma colleges. Of these students, 18,892 received a bachelor's degree, 5,386 received a masters degree, and 462 received a first professional degree.
This means the state of Oklahoma produces an average of 38,278 degree-holders per completions component (i.e. July 1, 2007 – June 30, 2008). The national average is 68,322 total degrees awarded per completions component. Oklahoma supports popular sports, with teams in basketball,,, baseball, soccer,, and located in Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Enid, Norman, and Lawton. The of the and the of the are the state's only, but minor league sports, including at the AAA and AA levels and, respectively, hockey with the in the and in the, and arena football in the is hosted by the.
Oklahoma City also hosts the playing in the, and Tulsa is the base for the of the and the, which plays in the. Enid and Lawton host professional basketball teams in the and the. The 's became the first major league sports franchise based in Oklahoma when the team was forced to relocate to Oklahoma City's for two seasons following in 2005. In July 2008, the, owned by a group of Oklahoma City businessmen led by, and announced that play would begin at Ford Center as the in 2008, becoming the state's first permanent major league franchise.
Are a popular draw in the state. The and the average well over 50,000 fans attending their football games, and the University of Oklahoma's program ranked 12th in attendance among American colleges in 2010, with an average of 84,738 people attending its home games. The two universities meet several times each year in rivalry matches known as the, which are some of the greatest sporting draws to the state. Magazine rates the University of Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University among the top colleges for athletics in the nation. In addition, 12 of the state's smaller colleges or universities participate in the, mostly within the.
Regular tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and for the or have been played at in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa. Rated one of the top golf courses in the nation, Southern Hills has hosted four, including one in 2007, and three, the most recent in 2001.
Are popular throughout the state, and, in the state's panhandle, hosts one of the largest in the nation. The southwest regional facility for the is located in Tulsa.
The state was the 21st-largest recipient of medical funding from the federal government in 2005, with health-related federal expenditures in the state totaling $75,801,364;, preparedness, and health education were the top three most funded medical items. Instances of major diseases are near the national average in Oklahoma, and the state ranks at or slightly above the rest of the country in percentage of people with,, cancer, and. In 2000, Oklahoma ranked 45th in physicians per capita and slightly below the national average in nurses per capita, but was slightly over the national average in hospital beds per 100,000 people and above the national average in net growth of health services over a 12-year period. One of the worst states for percentage of insured people, nearly 25 percent of Oklahomans between the age of 18 and 64 did not have health insurance in 2005, the fifth-highest rate in the nation. Oklahomans are in the upper half of Americans in terms of prevalence, and the state is the 5th most obese in the nation, with 30.3 percent of its population at or near obesity.
Oklahoma ranked last among the 50 states in a 2007 study by the on health care performance., along with Proton Therapy Center, is the 6th comprehensive cancer treatment centers in the country currently providing both conventional radiation therapy and proton therapy. The, Oklahoma's largest collection of hospitals is the only hospital in the state designated a by the. OU Medical Center is located on the grounds of the Oklahoma Health Center in Oklahoma City, the state's largest concentration of medical research facilities. The Regional Medical Center of the in Tulsa is one of four such regional facilities nationwide, offering cancer treatment to the entire southwestern United States, and is one of the largest cancer treatment hospitals in the country. The largest teaching facility in the nation, at Tulsa, also rates as one of the largest facilities in the field of. The second largest newspaper in Oklahoma, the Tulsa World has a circulation of 189,789.
Oklahoma City and Tulsa are the 45th and 61st-largest in the United States as ranked. The state's third-largest media market, Lawton-, is ranked 149th nationally by the agency.
In Oklahoma began in 1949 when (then WKY-TV) in Oklahoma City and in Tulsa began broadcasting a few months apart. Currently, all major American have affiliated television stations in the state. The state has two primary newspapers., based in Oklahoma City, is the largest newspaper in the state and 54th-largest in the nation by circulation, with a weekday readership of 138,493 and a Sunday readership of 202,690.
The, the second most widely circulated newspaper in Oklahoma and 79th in the nation, holds a Sunday circulation of 132,969 and a weekday readership of 93,558. Oklahoma's first newspaper was established in 1844, called the Cherokee Advocate, and was written in both and English. In 2006, there were more than 220 newspapers located in the state, including 177 with weekly publications and 48 with daily publications. The state's first radio station, WKY in Oklahoma City, signed on in 1920, followed by KRFU in, which later on moved to Tulsa and became in 1927.
In 2006, there were more than 500 radio stations in Oklahoma broadcasting with various local or nationally owned networks. Five universities in Oklahoma operate non-commercial, public radio stations/networks.
Oklahoma has a few ethnic-oriented TV stations broadcasting in Spanish, languages and sometimes have Native American programming., a Christian religious television network has a studio in Tulsa, and built their first entirely TBN-owned affiliate in Oklahoma City in 1980. One of ten major toll highways in Oklahoma, the extends northeast from Tulsa. Transportation in Oklahoma is generated by an anchor system of, lines, airports,, and networks.
Situated along an integral point in the United States Interstate network, Oklahoma contains three and four. In Oklahoma City, intersects with and, forming one of the most important intersections along the United States highway system.
More than 12,000 miles (19,000 km) of roads make up the state's major highway skeleton, including state-operated highways, ten or major toll roads, and the longest drivable stretch of Route 66 in the nation. In 2008, Interstate 44 in Oklahoma City was Oklahoma's busiest highway, with a daily traffic volume of 123,300 cars. In 2010, the state had the nation's third highest number of bridges classified as structurally deficient, with nearly 5,212 bridges in disrepair, including 235 National Highway System Bridges. Map of Oklahoma showing major roads and thoroughfares In March 2011, Oklahoma ranked as a bottom-seven 'Worst' state (tied with and ) in the American State Litter Scorecard. The Sooner State suffers from overall poor effectiveness and quality of its statewide public space cleanliness (primarily from roadway and adjacent litter/debris abatement)--due to state and related eradication standards and performance indicators.
Oklahoma's largest commercial airport is in Oklahoma City, averaging a yearly passenger count of more than 3.5 million (1.7 million boardings) in 2010., the state's second largest commercial airport, served more than 1.3 million boardings in 2010. Between the two, thirteen major airlines operate in Oklahoma. In terms of traffic, in Tulsa is the state's busiest airport, with 335,826 takeoffs and landings in 2008.
In total, Oklahoma has over 150 public-use airports. Oklahoma is connected to the nation's rail network via 's, its only regional passenger rail line.
It currently stretches from to, though lawmakers began seeking funding in early 2007 to connect the Heartland Flyer to. Two inland ports on rivers serve Oklahoma: the and the. The only port handling international cargo in the state, the Tulsa Port of Catoosa is the most inland ocean-going port in the nation and ships over two million tons of cargo each year. Both ports are located on the, which connects traffic from Tulsa and Muskogee to the via the and rivers, contributing to one of the busiest waterways in the world.
See also:,, and The consists of the and the. As the lawmaking branch of the state government, it is responsible for raising and distributing the money necessary to run the government.
The Senate has 48 members serving four-year terms, while the House has 101 members with two-year terms. The state has a for its legislature that restricts any one person to a total of twelve cumulative years service between both legislative branches. Oklahoma's judicial branch consists of the, the, and 77 District Courts that each serves one county. The Oklahoma judiciary also contains two independent courts: a Court of and the. Oklahoma has two courts of last resort: the state Supreme Court hears civil cases, and the state Court of Criminal Appeals hears criminal cases (this split system exists only in Oklahoma and neighboring Texas).
Judges of those two courts, as well as the Court of Civil Appeals are appointed by the Governor upon the recommendation of the state Judicial Nominating Commission, and are subject to a retention vote on a six-year rotating schedule. The Five congressional districts in Oklahoma. The executive branch consists of the, their staff, and other elected officials. The principal head of government, the Governor is the chief executive of the Oklahoma executive branch, serving as the of the when not called into use and reserving the power to veto bills passed through the Legislature. The responsibilities of the Executive branch include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and ensuring peace within the state is preserved. The state is divided into 77 that govern locally, each headed by a three-member council of elected commissioners, a tax assessor, clerk,, treasurer, and. While each municipality operates as a separate and independent local government with executive, legislative and judicial power, county governments maintain jurisdiction over both incorporated cities and non-incorporated areas within their boundaries, but have executive power but no legislative or judicial power.
Both county and municipal governments collect taxes, employ a separate police force, hold elections, and operate emergency response services within their jurisdiction. Other local government units include, technology center districts, community college districts, rural fire departments, rural water districts, and other special use districts. Thirty-nine Native American tribal governments are based in Oklahoma, each holding limited powers within designated areas. While typical in most of the United States are not present in Oklahoma, tribal governments hold land granted during the Indian Territory era, but with limited jurisdiction and no control over state governing bodies such as municipalities and counties.
Tribal governments are recognized by the United States as quasi-sovereign entities with executive, judicial, and legislative powers over tribal members and functions, but are subject to the authority of the to revoke or withhold certain powers. The tribal governments are required to submit a constitution and any subsequent amendments to the United States Congress for approval. Presidential election results Year 65.65% 960,165 34.35% 502,496 65.57% 959,792 34.43% 503,966 60.31% 744,337 38.43% 474,276 48.26% 582,315 40.45% 488,105 42.65% 592,929 34.02% 473,066 57.93% 678,367 41.28% 483,423 68.61% 861,530 30.67% 385,080 60.50% 695,570 34.97% 402,026 49.96% 545,708 48.75% 532,442 73.70% 759,025 24.00% 247,147 47.68% 449,697 31.99% 301,658 44.25% 412,665 55.75% 519,834 59.02% 533,039 40.98% 533,039. Main article: For most of the first half of the 20th century, Oklahoma was a stronghold. From 1908 to 1948, the state only supported a twice, in 1920 and 1928. However, Oklahoma Democrats have always been considerably more conservative than their counterparts in the rest of the nation, and the state has become increasingly friendly to Republicans at the national level. Though registered Republicans are a minority in the state, Oklahoma has voted for a Republican for President in all but one election since 1952.
In 2004 and 2008, and swept every county in the state, both receiving over 65 percent of the statewide vote. In 2008, Oklahoma was the only state whose counties voted unanimously for McCain. Generally, Republicans are strongest in Oklahoma City, Tulsa and their close-in suburbs, as well as the Panhandle. Democrats are strongest in the eastern part of the state and. Following the, the Oklahoma delegation to the was reduced from six to five representatives, each serving one. For the (2011–2013), there are no changes in party strength, and the delegation has four Republicans and one Democrat. Oklahoma's U.S.
Senators are Republicans and, and its U.S. Representatives are (R-OK-1), (D-OK-2), (R-OK-3), (R-OK-4), and (R-OK-5).
Oklahoma City is the state's capital and largest city by population and land area. Oklahoma had 598 incorporated places in 2010, including three cities over 100,000 in population and 40 over 10,000. Two of the in the United States are located in Oklahoma, and, and 58 percent of Oklahomans live within their metropolitan areas, or spheres of economic and social influence defined by the as a. Oklahoma City, the state's capital and largest city, had the in 2010, with 1,252,987 people, and the had 937,478 residents. Between 2000 and 2010, the cities that led the state in population growth were 172.4%, 78.2%, 56.7%, 56.6%, and 56.3%. Tulsa is the state's second largest city by population and land area. In descending order of population, Oklahoma's largest cities in 2010 were: (579,999, +14.6%), (391,906, −0.3%), (110,925, +15.9%), (98,850, +32.0%), (96,867, +4.4%), (81,405, +19.2%), (55,081, +33.9%), (54,371, +0.5%), (49,379, +5.0%), and (45,688, +17.0%).
Of the state's ten largest cities, three are outside the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City and Tulsa, and only Lawton has a metropolitan statistical area of its own as designated by the United States Census Bureau, though the metropolitan statistical area of extends into the state. Under Oklahoma law, municipalities are divided into two categories: cities, defined as having more than 1,000 residents, and towns, with under 1,000 residents.
Both have,, and public power within their boundaries, but cities can choose between a,, or form of government, while towns operate through an elected officer system. Historical populations Census Pop.%± 258,657 — 790,391 205.6% 1,657,155 109.7% 2,028,283 22.4% 2,396,040 18.1% 2,336,434 −2.5% 2,233,351 −4.4% 2,328,284 4.3% 2,559,229 9.9% 3,025,290 18.2% 3,145,585 4.0% 3,450,654 9.7% 3,751,351 8.7% Source: 1910–2010. Oklahoma population density map The estimates that the population of Oklahoma was 3,791,508 on July 1, 2011, a 1.07% increase since the. At the 2010 Census, 68.7% of the population was, down from 88% in 1970, 7.3% non-Hispanic Black or African American, 8.2% non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.7% non-Hispanic Asian, 0.1% non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.1% from some other race (non-Hispanic) and 5.1% of two or more races (non-Hispanic). 8.9% of Oklahoma's population was of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race).
As of 2008 Oklahoma had a population of 3,642,361 with an estimated 2005 ancestral makeup of 14.5%, 13.1%, 11.8%, 9.6%, 8.1%, and 11.4% Native American (including 7.9% ) though the percentage of people claiming American Indian as their only race was 8.1%. Most people from Oklahoma who self-identify as having are of overwhelmingly ancestry with significant amounts of and inflection as well. The state had the second-highest number of Native Americans in 2002, estimated at 395,219, as well as the second highest percentage among all states.
As of 2006, 4.7% of Oklahoma's residents were foreign born, compared to 12.4% for the nation. The of Oklahoma is located in near the town of.
The state's 2006 per capita personal income ranked 37th at $32,210, though it has the third-fastest growing per capita income in the nation and ranks consistently among the lowest states in cost of living index. The Oklahoma City suburb is first on at $73,661, though holds the highest average. In 2006, 6.8% of Oklahomans were under the age of 5, 25.9% under 18, and 13.2% were 65 or older.
Females made up 50.9% of the population. The in Tulsa serves as a. Adherents participate in 73 major affiliations spread between 5,854 congregations, ranging from the, with 1578 churches and 967,223 members, to the, with 1 church and 6 members. The state's largest church memberships are in the Southern Baptist Convention, the, with 322,794 members, the Roman Catholic Church, with 168,625, the, with 88,301, and, with 83,047. In 2000, there were about 5,000 Jews and 6,000 Muslims, with 10 congregations to each group. Oklahoma religious makeup: • Protestant – 53% • – 16% • Catholic – 13% • Other – 6% • Unaffiliated – 12%. See also: State law codifies Oklahoma’s state emblems and honorary positions; the Oklahoma Senate or House of Representatives may adopt resolutions designating others for special events and to benefit organizations.
State symbols: • State bird: • State tree: • State mammal: • State vegetable: • State beverage: • State fruit: • State game bird: • State fish: • State floral emblem: • State flower: • State wildflower: (Gaillardia pulchellum) • State grass: (Sorghastrum nutans) • State fossil: • State rock: • State insect: • State soil: • State reptile: • State amphibian: • State meal: fried,,, pork, biscuits,,,,,,, and. • State folk dance: • State percussive instrument: drum • State waltz: Oklahoma Wind • State butterfly: • State song: ' • State language: English • State Gospel Song: ' • State rock song: '. 2011 Population Estimates., Population Division.
December 2011.. Retrieved December 21, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2011. • ^ Elevation adjusted to. Retrieved 2007-08-10. American Indian Studies Research Institute..
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